Basic C Programming Course in Chennai

C is a structured programming language that adopts a top-down execution strategy. It allows direct memory access through pointers and offers efficient control over hardware. It also supports modularity through functions, making it suitable for system-level programming.

The scanf() function reads input until it encounters a space, which means it cannot capture full sentences with spaces. In contrast, fgets() reads an entire line including spaces and is safer since it prevents buffer overflows by accepting a maximum character count.

Dynamic memory allows programs to allocate memory while running. In C, this is managed using standard library functions like malloc(), calloc(), realloc(), and free() to allocate and deallocate memory blocks as needed.

A pointer is a unique type of variable that holds the memory address of another variable. Pointers are powerful for handling arrays, performing dynamic memory tasks, and passing values by reference to functions for efficiency and flexibility.

The ++i expression increments the variable before its value is used in an expression, whereas i++ increases the value after it’s used. This distinction matters when these expressions are part of larger operations or loop conditions.

Header files are used to declare functions, constants, and macros before they are used in the actual code. Including them using #include ensures that the compiler recognizes all required elements during the compilation process.

Arrays are collections of elements with a fixed size, stored consecutively in memory, and their size is determined during compilation. Pointers, on the other hand, are variables that hold memory addresses and can be dynamically assigned to different locations, offering more flexibility.

Segmentation faults occur when a program attempts to access memory it doesn’t have rights to, such as dereferencing an invalid pointer, accessing memory beyond the size of an array, or using memory after it has been freed.

The typedef keyword enables you to define an alternative name for an existing data type. This makes complex declarations simpler and enhances code readability, especially when working with structures, unions, or pointers.